MATLAB｜一张图搞定绘图配色问题｜文末送书

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大家好，我是小猪猪，因为个人问题好久都没有发推文了，在此期间都是另一位小伙伴管理公众号，在此对她的付出进行感谢；今天我给大家介绍怎么利用一张图完成绘图配色问题，喜欢此推文的小伙伴们记得点赞+关注+分享！
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文末有送书活动
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& l9 x9 x0 j# i6 U! f, K( X效果图

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7 J: b: B2 V' o$ h程序分析
9 o3 I' V9 E8 {8 e5 S1、获取配色图片
' ^& d5 n- A7 t; U. t# ~ RGB 转换为包含3种颜色的索引图像

img=imread('./pic/pic5.jpg');[ind,map] = rgb2ind(img,3);image(img)ax=gca;ax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';

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( U! O8 |4 y) P  w: {: V) R2、颜色排序
首先，我们从常规的 Jet 颜色图开始：

% 参考原文：https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2245842/sorting-colors-in-matlab/2246189#2246189I = repmat(1:100, 100, 1);C = jet(100);figuresubplot(211), imagesc(I), colormap(C)subplot(212), rgbplot(C)

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" @1 y4 B* J1 x# H$ O6 }$ X其次，打乱颜色顺序。然后尝试恢复原始的颜色分组 (通过根据色相和值在HSV颜色空间中进行排序来完成此操作)：

C = C(randperm(100), :);C = rgb2hsv(C);C = sortrows(C, [-1 -3 2]); C = hsv2rgb(C);figuresubplot(211), imagesc(I), colormap(C)subplot(212), rgbplot(C)

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3、颜色插值处理

clc;clear;close all;img=imread('./pic/pic5.jpg');[ind,map] = rgb2ind(img,3);map = rgb2hsv(map);map = sortrows(map, [-1 -3 2],'ascend');  %# sort first by Hue, then by valuemap = hsv2rgb(map);cMap=makeColorMap(map,100);I = repmat(1:3, 3, 1);subplot(2,1,1)imagesc(I), colormap(map)title('图像参考色')ax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
subplot(2,1,2)I = repmat(1:100, 100, 1);imagesc(I), colormap(cMap)title('插值后的渐变色')ax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
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; H" b3 w" W1 K6 d! AmakeColorMap插值函数
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function cMap=makeColorMap(varargin)%++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++%   @Author: 2377389590@qq.com% -------------------------------------------%   举例子：%   peaks;%   a = makeColorMap;%   colormap(a)%   colorbar%%   a = makeColorMap([1,0,0;0,1,0;0,0,1]);%   colormap(a)%   colorbar%%   a = makeColorMap([1,0,0;0,1,0;0,0,1],50);%   colormap(a)%   colorbar%+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++%  默认参数defaultNum = 10;defaultColorList=[0,0,0;1,1,1];
4 U& E1 S$ e* ~if nargin    color.list=defaultColorList;    color.Num=defaultNum;elseif nargin==1    if mod(numel(varargin{1}),3)==0        color.list=varargin{1};        color.Num=defaultNum;    else        disp('参数输入错误,现在产生的是默认参数')        color.list=defaultColorList;        color.Num=defaultNum;    endelseif nargin==2    color.list=varargin{1};    color.Num=varargin{2};elseif nargin>2    disp('参数输入错误,现在产生的是默认参数')    color.list=defaultColorList;    color.Num=defaultNum;end% ------------------插值操作------------------------for col=1:size(color.list,2)    x=1:size(color.list,1);    xi=linspace(1,size(color.list,1),color.Num);    color.map(:,col)=interp1(x,color.list(:,col),xi);endcMap=color.map;end
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全部代码

clc;clear;close all;img=imread('./pic/pic7.jpg');[ind,map] = rgb2ind(img,3);% 颜色排序  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2245842/sorting-colors-in-matlab/2246189#2246189map = rgb2hsv(map);map = sortrows(map, [-1 -3 2],'ascend');  %# sort first by Hue, then by valuemap = hsv2rgb(map);cMap=makeColorMap(map,19);% ---------------------------------------subplot(4,4,1)image(img)ax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% ----------------------------------------subplot(4,4,2)[X,Y,Z] = peaks(100);surfc(X,Y,Z,'EdgeColor','none')colormap(cMap)colorbar;ax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% ---------------------------------------------subplot(4,4,3)contourf(peaks,50,'LineStyle','none')colormap(cMap);colorbar;axis equalax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% -------------------------------------------subplot(4,4,4)x=0:0.1:3*pi;for i=1:size(cMap,1)    y=sin(x+i*2.5/size(cMap,1));    hold on    plot(x,y,'Color',cMap(i,:),'LineWidth',1)end
ax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% --------------------------------------------subplot(4,4,5)x1=sort(rand(size(cMap,1),1));b=bar(x1);b.FaceColor = 'flat';for r=1:length(x1)    b.CData(r,:) = cMap(r,:);endax=gca;ax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
& S5 U& Z: k2 L& d$ S& y$ I% ---------------------------------------------subplot(4,4,6)b=bar3(repmat(sin(1:size(cMap,1))*5+10,[10,1]));colormap(cMap);% for k = 1:length(b)%     zdata = b(k).ZData;                 % Use ZData property to create color gradient%     b(k).CData = zdata;                 % Set CData property to Zdata%     b(k).FaceColor = "interp";          % Set the FaceColor to 'interp' to enable the gradient% endax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
  C* j+ Q9 V) Z7 W& v/ b; i* B7 y8 H%--------------subplot(4,4,7)x = (1:1:10);areaData = [x.* rand(1,10) * 5    x.* rand(1,10) * 5    x.* rand(1,10) * 5    x.* rand(1,10) * 5    x.* rand(1,10) * 5    x.* rand(1,10) * 5    x.* rand(1,10) * 5    x.* rand(1,10) * 5    x.* rand(1,10) * 5    x.* rand(1,10) * 5]';points = (1:10);a = area(points, areaData);for i=1:length(a)    a(i).FaceColor = cMap(i,:);endax=gca;% grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% ---------------------------subplot(4,4,8)pie(rand(1,size(cMap,1)))ax=gca;ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
%------------------------------subplot(4,4,9)th = linspace(0,3*pi/2,10);r = linspace(5,20,10);[u,v] = pol2cart(th,r);c = compass(u,v);n = length(c);LineWidth = linspace(1,4,n);for i = 1:n    c(i).LineWidth = LineWidth(i);    c(i).Color = cMap(i,:);endax=gca;ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% Y, t& r& D) Y4 h) o8 U% ------------------------------subplot(4,4,10)cdata = rand(10,10)*10;h = heatmap(cdata);colormap(cMap)ax=gca;ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% -----------------------------subplot(4,4,11)th = 1:19;r = rand(1,19);sz = rand(1,19)/100;polarbubblechart(th,r,sz,cMap);ax=gca;ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';% -----------------------------subplot(4,4,12)s3 = scatter3(rand(1,19),rand(1,19),rand(1,19),rand(1,19)*1000, cMap,...    "filled",...    "MarkerEdgeColor",'flat');ax=gca;ax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';% ----------------------------------------subplot(4,4,13)tbl = readtable(fullfile(matlabroot,'examples','matlab','data','BicycleCounts.csv'));daynames = ["Sunday" "Monday" "Tuesday" "Wednesday" "Thursday" "Friday" "Saturday"];x = categorical(tbl.Day,daynames);y = tbl.Total;c = hour(tbl.Timestamp);swarmchart(x,y,20,c,'filled');colormap(cMap)ax=gca;ax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';% --------------------------------subplot(4,4,14)x = [zeros(1,500) ones(1,500)];y = randi(2,1,1000);z = randn(1,1000).^2;c = sqrt(z);swarmchart3(x,y,z,50,c,'filled');colormap(cMap)ax=gca;ax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';% -------------------------------subplot(4,4,15)theta = (-90:10:90)*pi/180;r = 2*ones(size(theta));[u,v] = pol2cart(theta,r);f1 = feather(u,v);n = length(f1)-1;LineWidth = linspace(1,2,n);
  x% k3 t$ y8 g) S6 u% }2 x' Ofor i = 1:n    f1(i).LineWidth = LineWidth(i);    f1(i).Color = cMap(i,:);end
: V% ?( v* p& G9 N2 tax=gca;ax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
7 }5 y# O0 |) }% i- R9 \% -------------------------subplot(4,4,16)[X,Y] = meshgrid(-2:0.25:2,-1:0.2:1);Z = X.*exp(-X.^2 - Y.^2);[U,V,W] = surfnorm(X,Y,Z);quiver3(X,Y,Z,U,V,W)hold onsurf(X,Y,Z)axis equalcolormap(cMap)ax=gca;ax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';

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clc;clear;close all;img=imread('./pic/pic7.jpg');[ind,map] = rgb2ind(img,3);% 颜色排序  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2245842/sorting-colors-in-matlab/2246189#2246189map = rgb2hsv(map);map = sortrows(map, [-1 -3 2],'ascend');  %# sort first by Hue, then by valuemap = hsv2rgb(map);cMap=makeColorMap(map,30);%------------------------------------------------------figuresubplot(2,2,1)load("carsmall.mat")b1 = bubblechart3(MPG,Weight,Displacement,Horsepower,...    Model_Year,...    "MarkerFaceAlpha",0.8);xlabel("Miles Per Gallon (MPG)");ylabel("Weight")zlabel("Displacement")bubblelegend("Horsepower","Location","eastoutside");colormap(cMap)c = colorbar("Ticks",unique(Model_Year),...    "TickLabels",["1970","1976","1982"]);ylabel(c,"Model Year");
ax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';% ------------------------------subplot(2,2,2)b2 = bubblechart(MPG,Weight,Horsepower,...    Model_Year,...    "MarkerFaceAlpha",0.7);xlabel("Miles Per Gallon (MPG)");ylabel("Weight")bubblelegend("Horsepower","Location","westoutside");colormap(cMap)c = colorbar("Ticks",unique(Model_Year),...    "TickLabels",["1970","1976","1982"]);ylabel(c,"Model Year");ax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
! r+ }; X1 s) p% t7 }8 i% --------------------------------------------------subplot(2,2,3)tbl = readtable(fullfile(matlabroot,'examples','matlab','data','BicycleCounts.csv'));daynames = ["Sunday" "Monday" "Tuesday" "Wednesday" "Thursday" "Friday" "Saturday"];x = categorical(tbl.Day,daynames);y = tbl.Total;c = hour(tbl.Timestamp);s = swarmchart(x,y,5,c);s.XJitter = 'rand';s.XJitterWidth = 0.5;colormap(cMap)ax=gca;grid on;box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% -------------------------------------------------subplot(2,2,4)x = linspace(0,10,30);y = x + (rand(size(x)) - 0.5) * 5;
' f/ X. [$ C( FdistFromXY = abs(y - x);s = scatter(x,y,90,cMap,...    "filled",...    'o',...    "AlphaData", (max(distFromXY) - distFromXY),...       "MarkerFaceAlpha","flat");  
3 A. Z, @5 W8 @# Q# e- _ax=gca;% grid on;% box offax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
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clc;clear;close all;img=imread('./pic/pic5.jpg');[ind,map] = rgb2ind(img,1000);% 颜色排序  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2245842/sorting-colors-in-matlab/2246189#2246189map = rgb2hsv(map);map = sortrows(map, [-1 -3 2],'ascend');  %# sort first by Hue, then by valuemap = hsv2rgb(map);cMap=makeColorMap(map,10);% ---------------------------------------figuresubplot(2,3,1)fun1 = @(x,y) sin(x)+sin(y)-(x.^2+y.^2)/20;fs = fsurf(fun1,...    "ShowContours","on",...    "EdgeColor","none",...    "LineWidth",2);
ax=gca;colormap(cMap);colorbarlighting gouraud;material shinybox onaxis tightax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% -------------------------subplot(2,3,2)[x,y] = peaks(30);z = (x.^2)-(y.^2);width = 2;r = ribbon(y,z,width);ax = gca;colormap(cMap);colorbarax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% --------------------------------subplot(2,3,3)f = @(x,y,z) x.^2 + y.^2 - z.^2;surfaceTransparency = 0.8;fi = fimplicit3(f,"EdgeColor","none","FaceAlpha",surfaceTransparency);ax = gca;colormap(cMap);colorbarax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% --------------------------------subplot(2,3,4)[X,Y] = meshgrid(-5:.5:5);Z = Y.*sin(X) - X.*cos(Y);faceColorType = "flat";markerFaceAlpha = 0.3;ms = mesh(X,Y,Z,'FaceAlpha', markerFaceAlpha,"FaceColor", faceColorType);ax = gca;colormap(cMap);colorbarax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
% --------------------------------subplot(2,3,5)eigenfunction = 2;L = 100*membrane(eigenfunction,100);p = pcolor(L);p.EdgeColor = "none";         % Remove lines from the plotshading interp    % Specify the shading method to useax = gca;colormap(cMap);colorbarax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';% ---------------------------------subplot(2,3,6)[x,y] = meshgrid(-3:.125:3);z = peaks(x,y);w = waterfall(x,y,z);
w.LineWidth =1.5;ax = gca;colormap(cMap);colorbarax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.ZMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';

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clc;clear;close all;img=imread('./pic/pic4.jpg');[ind,map] = rgb2ind(img,100);% 颜色排序  https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2245842/sorting-colors-in-matlab/2246189#2246189map = rgb2hsv(map);map = sortrows(map, [-1 -3 2],'ascend');  %# sort first by Hue, then by valuemap = hsv2rgb(map);cMap=makeColorMap(map,30);
  t, d- q7 q: F+ C& Q; J3 m1 a' Ysubplot(2,2,1)image(img)ax=gca;ax.LineWidth=1;ax.XMinorTick='on';ax.YMinorTick='on';ax.GridLineStyle=':';ax.FontSize=14;ax.FontName='Times New Roman';
subplot(2,2,2)[A,R] = readgeoraster('n39_w106_3arc_v2.dt1','OutputType','double');latlim = R.LatitudeLimits;lonlim = R.LongitudeLimits;usamap(latlim,lonlim)geoshow(A,R,'DisplayType','surface')demcmap(A)colormap(cMap)colorbar
subplot(2,2,3)[A,R,cmap] = readgeoraster('oahu_landcover.img');mapshow(A,flipud(cMap),R)colormap(flipud(cMap))colorbar
5 N: @4 p. E( l0 g& xsubplot(2,2,4)cMap=makeColorMap(map,3000);load korea5cworldmap(korea5c,korea5cR)geoshow(korea5c,korea5cR,'DisplayType','texturemap')demcmap(korea5c)colormap(flipud(cMap))colorbar
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问题？
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  p+ t$ [( F9 H  P' u' g3 h' I此文种对RGB颜色排序的问题，方法还不是很理想，如果有更好的方法请私聊小编！共同探讨一下！
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1 N5 {( z- ~# O5 K- -THE END- -

* z0 l7 x2 M' M; \. T参考资料：
) P2 L7 [3 z. M/ C, t3 K* @# q【1】https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2245842/sorting-colors-in-matlab/2246189#2246189
QQ群：
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